A Variety Of Permanent Magnets by Marie Winston
Permanent magnets are magnets that cannot be demagnetized. By virtue of this characteristic, it is safe to use especially in critical functions like moving an elevator, a high-speed train, or a theme park roller coaster. The untold havoc or damage that demagnetization can cause is too scary to imagine.
No doubt, everyone has seen a magnet. By far, the most common one is the version found inside the refrigerator door to which people love to hang notes, souvenir items and other ferromagnetic paraphernalia. The term ferromagnetic simply means that the material imbued with this property is not only magnetized; it is also attracted to magnets. Nowadays, most magnets in use or being sold over the counter are unnatural magnetic devices.
By subscribing to a few scientific processes in a laboratory or manufacturing setting, magnets are born. As for natural-born magnets, one example is lodestone, an iron ore that attracts iron by nature. Lodestones originated from Magnesia, an ancient Greek city. Greece, China and India are the three countries to first recognize magnetism and conceive some applications such as the navigational compass.
Today, there is hardly anyone or anything untouched by some form of magnetism. Although the horseshoe is the first manifestation of the process especially in science classes, magnets are also hard at work in computer monitors, telephones, hard drives, stereo speakers, public transport, production lines, and various industrial tools and machinery. Without such an important discovery, the world as people know it could be radically different, indeed. Even the soon to be constructed Japanese elevator to the sky will harness the principle of magnetism.
There are different types of permanent magnets. The major classifications are ceramic, alnico, injection-molded, flexible, rare-earth, single molecule or chain, and nano magnets. Of these classes, the ferrite or ceramic variety is said to be brittle which will explain why it needs special coating. The rare-earth type has been growing in popularity over the past three decades because of its superiority over ferrites, although it is vulnerable to corrosion. Therefore, this kind needs special enclosure or coating. The injection molded and the flexible varieties are quite popular especially in the manufacturing and printing fields, although their magnetic capacity is rather limited. Nano magnets are very promising especially with the advent of nanotechnology. These magnets use revolutionary energy waves to deliver drawing power through the coming together of minute particles in a vapor or gas state.
As magnetization has become more artificial rather than natural throughout the decades, the process needs to be further explained and illuminated. Here is how the metal sheet lurking behind the façade of the ordinary fridge has been processed in order to imbue it with the pull or draw factor. The sheet is heated at the so-called Curie temperature, exposed to a magnetic field repeatedly through vibration or by alternating the field exposure between one end of the sheet to the other. Meanwhile, the horseshoe magnet is magnetized by exposing to Curie temperature and subsequently hammering the iron alloy as it cools. From the looks of it, magnetic devices are here to stay, particularly permanent magnets. They are not only the unseen or unobtrusive part of modern life. They are likewise untainted by the perception of nasty side effects that nearly every major technological breakthrough brings; quite unlike high-voltage electric power grids, Wi-Fi or cellular phone towers which are increasingly being probed for their impact on human health, and cancer in particular.
About the Author
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